Working principle and application guide of surge protector

"Lightning strike" or "thunderstorm" refers to an instantaneous increase in current caused by sudden voltage fluctuations in the power system. High-intensity voltage surges occur frequently in power systems, especially when electronic equipment is turned on or off, in a short period of time. Lightning strikes, power transients, equipment switching, and other factors can result in voltage fluctuations. 

Causes of voltage fluctuations
Mainly caused by the following reasons:

Lightning strike: Static discharge in the atmosphere generates lightning. When lightning strikes the ground or a building, the charge is transported to the electrical equipment through conduction, causing the voltage to rise instantaneously.

Switching operation: When the switch in the circuit is turned on or off, voltage fluctuations will also occur due to the effects of inductance and capacitance.

Power system problems: Problems such as grid failures and overloads can also cause voltage fluctuations.
Dangers of Voltage Fluctuations

Voltage fluctuations cause serious harm to electronic equipment and power systems, including but not limited to:

Equipment damage: Voltage fluctuations may cause internal components of the equipment to burn out, such as relays, transformers, integrated circuits and other components, affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

Data loss: Voltage fluctuations in computers, servers and other equipment may cause data loss or hard drive damage, making important data unrecoverable.

Fire risk: Voltage fluctuations may cause overloading and short circuiting of wires, which may lead to fire accidents and threaten people and property.

Personal safety: In some cases, voltage fluctuations may cause electric shock hazards, causing personal injury or even life-threatening.

Protective measures
To deal with the hazards of voltage fluctuations, the following measures must be taken:

Install lightning protection devices: Install lightning protection equipment on buildings to reduce the impact of lightning strikes on the power system.

Use a voltage fluctuation protector: Installing a voltage fluctuation protector can limit voltage fluctuations and reduce their impact on equipment.

Establish a good grounding system: A good grounding system can quickly direct charges to the ground and reduce voltage fluctuations.

Employ a voltage stabilizer: To stabilize the power supply voltage and guard against equipment damage from voltage fluctuations, employ a voltage stabilizer. 

Install protective components: Add fuses, surge absorbers and other components to the equipment to improve the anti-interference ability of the equipment.

Voltage fluctuation is a common problem in power systems. It will significantly damage workers and equipment if it is not handled with urgency.By in-depth understanding of the causes, hazards and corresponding protective measures of voltage fluctuations, we can better prevent and respond to risks caused by voltage fluctuations and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.