Cart ( )Design and optimization of laser tube cooling system
2024/3/30 9:49:30
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A laser device is a device consisting of a stable gas or solid substance used to internally generate and amplify a laser beam. The active medium (such as gas or solid) in the laser tube is excited by an external energy source to generate and amplify laser light through a stimulated emission process.
The principle of laser tube
The working principle of laser tubes is based on stimulated emission and photon amplification effects. When the activated medium is excited by an external energy source (such as electric current, light energy, etc.), the atoms or molecules in it absorb energy and transition to a high energy level. Through the process of stimulated emission of radiation, atoms or molecules at a higher energy level transition to a lower energy level and release photons.
In the activated medium, the released photons interact with other atoms or molecules in the excited state, causing them to also jump to lower energy levels and release more photons. The amplification effect of this photon forms a laser beam under the action of mirrors and output optics.
The structure of laser tube
The structure of the laser tube mainly includes the following parts:
Activation medium: The activation medium is a key component in the laser tube, which determines the characteristics and operating wavelength of the laser. Common activation media include gases (such as helium neon, carbon dioxide), solids (such as Nd:YAG), etc. Different activation media have different laser characteristics and application areas.
Optical Cavity: The optical cavity is the area in the laser tube where light is reflected and amplified. It consists of two parallel mirrors, one of which is translucent and used to output the laser beam. The length and reflectivity of the optical cavity affect the frequency, power and stability of the laser.
Energy excitation source: The energy excitation source is the source of energy required to activate stimulated radiation of the medium. Common energy excitation sources include current, light energy, etc. By providing sufficient energy to the active medium, it can transition to the excited state and produce a laser amplification effect.
Cooling system: The laser tube generates heat during operation and requires a cooling system to reduce the temperature and maintain stable working conditions. Common cooling methods include air cooling, water cooling, etc.
How laser tubes work
The working mode of laser tube can be divided into two forms: continuous wave and pulse.
Continuous wave: In continuous wave mode, the activation medium is continuously excited by the energy excitation source, thereby producing a continuous laser beam. This working method is suitable for applications that require stable output, such as laser printing, laser cutting, etc.
Pulse: In pulse mode, the activation medium is excited by a high-energy excitation source in a short period of time, thereby producing a high-power short pulse laser. This way of working is suitable for applications that require high energy density and instantaneous performance, such as laser medical, lidar, etc.
Classification of laser tubes
According to different activation media and working principles, laser tubes can be divided into many types, including:
Gas laser tube: A laser tube that uses gas (such as helium, neon, and carbon dioxide) as the activation medium. Gas laser tubes have large power output and multiple optional operating wavelengths, and are widely used in scientific research, medical diagnosis and treatment, industrial processing and other fields.
Solid laser tube: A laser tube that uses solid materials (such as Nd:YAG) as the activation medium. Solid-state laser tubes have high energy output and small pulse width, and are often used in laser cutting, laser marking and other applications.
Semiconductor laser tube: A laser tube that uses semiconductor materials (such as GaAs) to generate laser light. Semiconductor laser tubes have the advantages of small size, low power, and long life, and are widely used in electronic products such as laser printing and laser pointers.
The principle of laser tube
The working principle of laser tubes is based on stimulated emission and photon amplification effects. When the activated medium is excited by an external energy source (such as electric current, light energy, etc.), the atoms or molecules in it absorb energy and transition to a high energy level. Through the process of stimulated emission of radiation, atoms or molecules at a higher energy level transition to a lower energy level and release photons.
In the activated medium, the released photons interact with other atoms or molecules in the excited state, causing them to also jump to lower energy levels and release more photons. The amplification effect of this photon forms a laser beam under the action of mirrors and output optics.
The structure of laser tube
The structure of the laser tube mainly includes the following parts:
Activation medium: The activation medium is a key component in the laser tube, which determines the characteristics and operating wavelength of the laser. Common activation media include gases (such as helium neon, carbon dioxide), solids (such as Nd:YAG), etc. Different activation media have different laser characteristics and application areas.
Optical Cavity: The optical cavity is the area in the laser tube where light is reflected and amplified. It consists of two parallel mirrors, one of which is translucent and used to output the laser beam. The length and reflectivity of the optical cavity affect the frequency, power and stability of the laser.
Energy excitation source: The energy excitation source is the source of energy required to activate stimulated radiation of the medium. Common energy excitation sources include current, light energy, etc. By providing sufficient energy to the active medium, it can transition to the excited state and produce a laser amplification effect.
Cooling system: The laser tube generates heat during operation and requires a cooling system to reduce the temperature and maintain stable working conditions. Common cooling methods include air cooling, water cooling, etc.
How laser tubes work
The working mode of laser tube can be divided into two forms: continuous wave and pulse.
Continuous wave: In continuous wave mode, the activation medium is continuously excited by the energy excitation source, thereby producing a continuous laser beam. This working method is suitable for applications that require stable output, such as laser printing, laser cutting, etc.
Pulse: In pulse mode, the activation medium is excited by a high-energy excitation source in a short period of time, thereby producing a high-power short pulse laser. This way of working is suitable for applications that require high energy density and instantaneous performance, such as laser medical, lidar, etc.
Classification of laser tubes
According to different activation media and working principles, laser tubes can be divided into many types, including:
Gas laser tube: A laser tube that uses gas (such as helium, neon, and carbon dioxide) as the activation medium. Gas laser tubes have large power output and multiple optional operating wavelengths, and are widely used in scientific research, medical diagnosis and treatment, industrial processing and other fields.
Solid laser tube: A laser tube that uses solid materials (such as Nd:YAG) as the activation medium. Solid-state laser tubes have high energy output and small pulse width, and are often used in laser cutting, laser marking and other applications.
Semiconductor laser tube: A laser tube that uses semiconductor materials (such as GaAs) to generate laser light. Semiconductor laser tubes have the advantages of small size, low power, and long life, and are widely used in electronic products such as laser printing and laser pointers.
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